Crucible: A Core Container for High-Temperature Metallurgy and Materials Science

crucible ke sets'oants'o se phahameng-se sebelisoang bakeng sa ho qhibiliha, ho futhumatsa, kapa ho ts'oara, se bapala karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka ho metallurgy, boenjineri ba lik'hemik'hale, saense ea lisebelisoa, le lipatlisiso tsa laboratori. Moetso oa eona o tlameha ho leka-lekana-e hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, le matla a mochini ho kopana le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa tikoloho.

Ho itšetlehile ka boitsebiso ba bona, li-crucibles li ka aroloa ka mefuta e mengata. Li-crucible tsa graphite li sebelisoa haholo{1}}ho qhibilihisa tšepe e seng ferrous, joalo ka khauta le silevera, ka lebaka la ho sebetsa hantle ha mocheso le ho hanyetsa mocheso oa mocheso. Li-crucibles tsa ceramic (tse kang alumina kapa quartz) li loketse ho sebetsana le ho qhibiliha ha asiti kapa ho se nke lehlakore 'me hangata li sebelisoa litekong tsa laboratori tse qhibilihisitsoeng tsa letsoai. Metal crucibles (joaloka iron, nickel, or platinum) hangata e sebelisoa ho qhibilihisa{4}}litšepe tse hloekileng. Li-crucible tsa platinum, ka lebaka la ho se bola ha tsona ho matla haholo, li fetohile sesebelisoa se tloaelehileng bakeng sa tlhahlobo e phahameng ea-ea lik'hemik'hale.

Ha e le hantle, li-crucibles ha li sebelisetsoe feela ho qhibilihisa tšepe le li-alloys, empa hape li kenya letsoho lits'ebetsong tse kang sintering ea ceramic, ho qhibiliha ha khalase le ho lokisa lintho tse thusang. Mohlala, ka har'a-tlhahiso ea silicon e le 'ngoe, quartz crucibles e tšoara silicon e qhibilihisitsoeng, e etsa likristale tse phahameng-ka mokhoa oa Czochralski. Ha ho hlahlojoa mehlala ea jeoloji, li-crucible tsa platinum li sireletsa lisampole hore li se ke tsa silafala nakong ea-mocheso o phahameng oa ho bala.

Theknoloji ea morao-rao e tsoetse pele ho nchafatsoa ho li-crucibles. Lithako tsa li-silicon carbide composite crucibles li kopanya matla a mangata le lik'hemik'hale tse hanyetsanang le lik'hemik'hale, li etsa hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho qhibilihisa-liindasteri tse ngata. Kenyelletso ea theknoloji ea khatiso ea 3D e nolofalelitse ho theha li-crucible tse ikhethileng tse nang le meaho e rarahaneng ho fihlela litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa liteko.

Ka bokhuts'oane, e le eona e tsamaisang maemo a phahameng-mocheso o phahameng, li-crucibles li tsoela pele ho fetoha ho saense le boenjiniere, ho ts'ehetsa mefuta e mengata ea likopo ho tloha ho liphuputso tsa mantlha ho isa tlhahisong ea indasteri. Ka tsoelo-pele ea thepa e ncha le theknoloji ea tlhahiso, meeli ea ts'ebetso ea crucible e tla atolosoa, ho fana ka litharollo tse tšepahalang bakeng sa mahlale{2} a mocheso o phahameng.